TNMGRU General Surgery Topic wise QBANK

TNMGRU - General Surgery Q Bank 1990 - 2024

A comprehensive, chapter-wise compilation of M.S. General Surgery theory examination questions from The Tamil Nadu Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, sorted according to Bailey & Love's 28th Edition.

Select a Topic: -- Choose a Part to Display -- Part 1: Principles Part 2: Investigation and Diagnosis Part 3: Perioperative Care Part 4: Trauma Part 5: Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue Part 6: Head and Neck Part 7: Abdomen Part 8: Breast and Endocrine Part 9: Vascular Part 10: Genitourinary Part 11: Transplantation Part 12: Paediatric Surgery Part 13: Orthopaedics Part 14: General Topics

Part 1: Principles

Chapter 1: The training of a surgeon and the assessment of surgical competence

Surgical Audit & Ethics:

• Audit in surgery. (2001, 2009, 2011)
• Surgical ethics. (2009)
• Informed consent. (2018)
• Duty of Candour. (2023)
• Evidence based medicine. (2008, 2009)
• Surgical safety checklist. (2023)

Chapter 2: The metabolic response to injury

General Principles:

• Metabolic response to starvation. (2019)
• Physiological events following major trauma/surgery. (2018)
• Discuss the endocrine and metabolic response to injury. (1997)

Chapter 3: Shock

Pathophysiology and Management:

• Define shock and describe the types, pathophysiology, clinical features, and management of shock. (2009, 2018)
• Classify Shock. Describe the clinical features, investigations and management of Septic Shock. (2015)
• Discuss SHOCK: causes and management of circulatory collapse. (1999)

Chapter 4: Sepsis and surgical site infections

Surgical Site Infections & Sepsis:

• Sequence of events in Surgical Wounds and describe causes, factors, classification, prevention and management of surgical site infection. (2022)
• Discuss Nosocomial Infections. (1997, 2002, 2003)
• Synergistic spreading gangrene. (2023)
• Fournier's gangrene - Management. (2013, 2009)
• Management of Meleney's ulcer. (2012, 2020)

Specific Infections:

• Necrotising Fasciitis. (2008, 2010, 2016, 2019)
• Gas gangrene. (2010, 2011, 2015)
• Tetanus. (2011, 2015)

Chapter 6: Blood transfusion and fluid therapy

Blood Transfusion:

• Complications of blood transfusion. (2003, 2004, 2009, 2019)
• Discuss the problems of blood transfusion. (1990)

Fluid & Blood Products:

• Blood substitutes. (2005, 2010, 2009, 2023)
• Blood Products. (2017)
• Autotransfusion. (2015)
• Bioinks. (2021)

Chapter 8: Principles of oncology

General Oncology:

• Tumour markers. (2002, 2003, 2005, 2011, 2014, 2017)
• Tumour antigens. (2007)
• Gene Therapy for cancer. (2003)
• Immunomodulators in cancer management. (2013)
• Surgical emergency in oncology. (2018)
• Palliative chemotherapy. (2016)
• Paraneoplastic syndrome. (2014, 2019)
• Targeted therapy. (2023)
• Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST). (2023)
• Role of hormone therapy in Ca breast. (2008, 2006)

Imaging & Biopsy:

• PET Scan. (2009, 2015, 2017, 2019, 2020)
• Stereotactic biopsy. (2005, 2014)

Metastasis:

• Secondaries in bone. (2014)
• Management of metastatic neck nodes. (2014)

Chapter 9: Principles of laparoscopic surgery

Fundamentals & Complications:

• What is the scope for Laparoscopic surgery? Write in detail about Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (2002)
• Minimal access surgery. (2003, 2009, 2012)
• Complications of laparoscopic surgery. (2002)
• Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (2005)
• Pneumoinsufflation for laparoscopy. (2008, 2009, 2018)
• Principles of Port Placement in Laparoscopy Surgery. (2022)
• Diagnostic Laparoscopy. (2006, 2015, 2017)

Advanced Procedures:

• Advanced Laparoscopic procedures. (2015)
• Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery (NOTES). (2013, 2019)
• Single incision laparoscopic surgery. (2021)

Chapter 10: Principles of robotics, navigation and surgical technology

Robotics & Technology:

• Robotics in surgery. (2007, 2008, 2009, 2013, 2018, 2022)
• Da Vinci manipulation in Robotic surgery. (2023)
• da Vinci manipulations in Robotic Surgery. (2018)

Surgical Tools:

• Staplers in surgery. (2000, 2001, 2005, 2015, 2017, 2018)
• Harmonic Scalpel. (2010, 2017, 2020)
• Lasers in surgery. (1996, 1998, 1999, 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2023)

Part 2: Investigation and Diagnosis

Chapter 13: Diagnostic imaging

General Imaging:

• CT scan and MRI in general surgery. (1999, 2002)
• Role of MRI in surgery. (2010, 2020)
• Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA). (2001, 2003, 2014, 2020, 2022)

Nuclear Medicine:

• Radio nuclide imaging and its application in management of patients. (2001)
• Role of Nuclear medicine in surgical diagnosis. (2011)

Interventional Radiology:

• Therapeutic embolisation. (2013, 2014)

Chapter 14: Gastrointestinal endoscopy

General Endoscopy:

• Therapeutic Endoscopy in Gastro Intestinal Cancers. (2011)
• Indications of Capsule endoscopy. (2013, 2021)
• Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS). (2000, 2003, 2010, 2015, 2017)
• Endoscopic mucosal resection. (2021)
• ERCP. (2000, 2009, 2015)
• Spyglass. (2019)

Part 3: Perioperative Care

Chapter 15: Preoperative preparation

Preoperative Care:

• Preoperative preparation including prophylaxis for DVT. (Multiple implied, specific DVT below)

Chapter 16: Anaesthesia and pain relief

Anaesthesia & Pain Management:

• Postoperative pain management. (2008)
• Cancer pain management. (2013)
• Intravenous anaesthesia and their application in surgery. (2012)
• Spinal anaesthesia and its complications. (2012)
• Epidural anaesthesia. (2009)

Chapter 17: Care in the operating room

Operating Room & Asepsis:

• Recent advances in Operation Theater. (2011)
• Precautions on surgery of HIV patients. (2006, 2015)
• Universal precautions. (2008)

Chapter 18: Surgical safety and postoperative care

Postoperative Complications & Care:

• Postoperative fever. (2010, 2013)
• Wound Dehiscence. (1996, 2010)
• Burst abdomen. (2006)
• Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT). (2011, 2017, 2020)
• ERAS (Early Recovery after Surgery). (2022)

Part 4: Trauma

Chapter 19: The management of trauma

General Trauma Management:

• Management of Major Trauma. (2003)
• Blunt Abdominal Trauma: Diagnosis and management. (2007)
• Disaster management. (2003, 2014)
• Triage. (2010, 2011, 2013)
• Creation of trauma centre. (1999, 2014)
• Focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST / e.FAST). (2013, 2016, 2020, 2022)
• Damage control surgery. (2013, 2015, 2018, 2020)

Specific Injuries:

• Missile wounds of abdomen. (2009, 2011)
• Management of blunt injury – abdomen. (2016)
• Resuscitation of blunt injury abdomen & management of various injuries of pelvis. (2017)
• Clinical features of blunt-injury abdomen and modern trends in management of splenic injuries. (2020)
• Classify abdominal injuries. Discuss the clinical features and management of liver injury. (2020)
• Management of pancreatic duodenal Injuries. (2023)

Chapter 21: Burns

Management of Burns:

• Classify burns. Describe the management of 70% burns in a 50 kg female who is 5 months pregnant. (2010)
• Treatment and complications of 40% partial thickness burns and deep circumferential burns in a twenty year old female patient. (2014)
• Discuss management and complications of 60% burns in 25 year old pregnant female. (2006)
• Management of Early Burns. (2000)

Chapter 22: Plastic and reconstructive surgery

General Principles & Techniques:

• Tissue expanders in surgery. (2003, 2008, 2015, 2022)
• Skin graft. (1996)
• Split thickness skin graft. (2016, 2023)
• Myocutaneous flaps. (2009, 2011, 2016)
• Local flaps. (2021)
• Free flaps. (2010)
• Concepts of surgical reconstruction. (2014)
• Premalignant lesion of skin. (2018)

Part 5: Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue

Chapter 25: Skin and subcutaneous tissue

Skin Lesions & Tumors:

• Malignant melanoma: Etiology, pathology, staging and management. (1996, 2015, 2017, 2023)
• Management of malignant melanoma of foot with emphasis on diagnosis and prognostic factors. (2006)
• Dermoid cyst. (2004, 2009, 2010, 2019)
• Pyogenic liver abscess. (2019, 2022)
• Pilonidal sinus. (2009, 2012)
• Keloid. (2017, 2018)
• Lipoma. (2010)

Part 6: Head and Neck

Chapter 27: The head and neck

Neck Lumps & Cysts:

• Branchial cyst. (2002, 2019)
• Thyroglossal duct cyst. (2012, 2019)
• Cystic Hygroma. (2008, 2019)

Salivary Glands:

• Classify the salivary gland tumours. Discuss clinical features and management of adenoid cystic carcinoma of the parotid gland. (2008)
• Classify salivary Neoplasms and discuss the management of Warthin’s tumor. (2011, 2020, 2023)
• Surgical anatomy of parotid, pathology, clinical features and management of mucoepidermoid carcinoma parotid. (2011, 2017)
• Mucoepidermoid carcinoma. (2016)
• Complications of parotidectomy. (2017)

Oral Cavity:

• Pre Malignant Lesions of Oral Cavity. (2022)
• Ludwig's Angina. (2012, 2021)
• Ranula. (2017, 2018, 2019)
• Carcinoma Tongue. (2013, 2021)

Thyroid:

• Classify thyroid malignancies. Describe the clinical features and management of medullary carcinoma thyroid. (2017, 2019, 2023)
• Pathology, clinical features, staging and management of follicular carcinoma thyroid. (2013)
• Pathology, clinical features and management of papillary carcinoma of thyroid. (2020)
• Complications of thyroidectomy. (2021)
• Solitary thyroid nodule. (2002, 2009, 2020)
• Toxic multinodular goiter. (2019)
• Autoimmune thyroiditis. (2006, 2014)
• Riedel thyroiditis. (2017)

Parathyroid:

• Diagnosis and surgical management of Hyperparathyroidism. (2006)
• Embryology, clinical features, investigations and management of Primary Hyperparathyroidism. (2019, 2022)
• Clinical presentation and treatment of Parathyroid adenoma. (2013)
• Management of postoperative hypocalcemia. (2013)

Other:

• Facial palsy. (2013)

Part 7: Abdomen

Chapter 34: Abdominal wall and hernia

Hernia:

• Laparoscopic repair of Inguinal Hernia. (2003)
• Classification of Inguinal Hernia and modern modalities of hernia management. (2018)
• Pantaloon Hernia. (2009, 2012)
• Mesh options in open hernia surgery. (2015)
• Composite mesh. (2016)
• Component separation in hernial surgery. (2019)
• Amyand’s hernia. (2007)

Chapter 35: Acute abdomen and abdominal sepsis

Acute Abdomen & Peritonitis:

• Differential diagnosis for acute abdomen. Discuss clinical features, investigations and treatment of acute intussusception. (2015)
• Minimal access surgery in Acute Abdomen. (2003)
• Intra abdominal hypertension: Definition, etiology, Pathogenesis, clinical features and management. (2019)
• Abdominal compartmental syndrome. (2008, 2012)
• Pelvic Abscess. (2008)

Chapter 36: Oesophagus

Carcinoma Oesophagus:

• Non surgical treatments of carcinoma oesophagus. (2001, 2014)
• Clinical features, diagnosis and modalities available for carcinoma lower third of oesophagus. (2010)
• Self expanding metallic stents in carcinoma esophagus. (2005)
• Oesophageal Stent. (2018)

Variceal Bleeding:

• Conservative and surgical management of bleeding oesophageal varices. (2000, 2002, 2004)
• Endoscopic management of Oesophageal variceal bleeding. (2012)

Other Oesophageal Conditions:

• Barrett’s oesophagus. (2013, 2023)
• Buerhavve syndrome (Boerhaave syndrome). (2012, 2020)

Chapter 37: Stomach and duodenum

Gastric Carcinoma:

• Clinical features, diagnosis and recent trends in management of early gastric malignancy. (2008, 2016)
• Screening for carcinoma stomach. (2009)
• Serum markers of Gastric carcinoma. (2012)
• Early diagnosis of Gastric Carcinoma. (2013)

Benign Conditions & Tumors:

• Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST). (2014, 2017, 2020)
• Non epithelial tumours of stomach. (2015)

Chapter 38: Bariatric and metabolic surgery

Surgical Management of Obesity:

• Surgical treatment of Obesity. (2003, 2010, 2013, 2018)
• Bariatric surgery. (2006, 2007, 2014, 2016)
• Complications of Bariatric surgery. (2019, 2023)

Chapter 39: The liver

Liver Resection & Transplantation:

• Anatomy, indications and various techniques involved in hepatic resection. (2010)
• Liver transplantation. (1996, 2002)

Liver Abscess & Cysts:

• Pyogenic liver abscess. (2019, 2022)
• Hydatid cyst of liver. (2015, 2020)

Portal Hypertension & Related Conditions:

• Discuss current trends in Portosystemic shunt operations. (2014)
• Porta systemic anastomoses. (2001)
• Types of Porto systemic shunt procedures. (2013)
• TIPS (Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt). (2003, 2011, 2020)
• Budd-Chiari syndrome. (2007, 2018, 2020)

Chapter 40: The spleen

Splenectomy & Splenic Trauma:

• Splenectomy. (2009)
• Spleen conservation. (2016)
• Clinical features, investigations and management of rupture of spleen. (2002)

Chapter 41: The gall bladder and bile ducts

Gallstones & Cholecystitis:

• Current concepts in the management of common bile duct stones. (2005, 2017)
• Complication of Gall stones, Etiology, clinical features and management of Acute Cholecystitis. (2007)
• Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. (2002)
• MRI in carcinoma Gall Bladder. (2012)

Biliary Tumors & Stents:

• Cholangiocarcinoma. (2009, 2017)
• KLATSKIN TUMOUR. (2008, 2015, 2016)
• Biliary stents and their uses in surgical conditions. (2010, 2012)

Biliary Procedures & Complications:

• Common Bile duct injury management. (2019)
• Biliary Injuries. (2016)
• CBD Exploration. (2015)
• PTBD (Percutaneous Transhepatic Biliary Drainage). (2015)
• Choledochal cysts. (2017, 2018)

Chapter 42: The pancreas

Pancreatitis:

• Pathogenesis and management of acute pancreatitis. (1996, 2016)
• Diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and treatment of Acute Pancreatitis. (2008)
• Recent advances in the Surgical Management of Chronic Pancreatitis. (2011, 2020)

Pancreatic Tumors & Cysts:

• Neoadjuvant chemo radiotherapy for pancreatic cancer. (2012)
• Assessment of resectability in Pancreatic carcinoma. (2019)
• Islet cell tumour. (2008)
• Surgical pathology, clinical features and management of Gastrinoma. (2012)
• Pseudopancreatic Cyst. (2006, 2015)

Chapter 43: The small and large intestine

General & Imaging:

• Newer techniques in imaging the small bowel. (2010)
• Virtual colonoscopy. (2005, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2020)

Bleeding & Ischemia:

• Management of non-variceal gastrointestinal haemorrhage. (2003)
• Lower gastrointestinal bleeding. (2010)
• Ischemic Colitis. (2015)

Bowel Obstruction & Volvulus:

• Volvulus neonatorum. (2008)

Inflammatory & Other Conditions:

• Short bowel syndrome. (2016, 2019)
• Diabetic foot: Aetiopathology, clinical features and management. (2012, 2016)

Chapter 44: The vermiform appendix

Appendicitis:

• Laparoscopic appendicectomy. (2000)

Chapter 45: The colon, rectum and anus

Rectal Cancer:

• Role of Chemoradiation in the treatment of Carcinoma of rectum. (2012)
• Recent Trends in management of Carcinoma of Rectum. (2022)
• Etiology, clinical features, staging and management of carcinoma lower 1/3 of rectum. (2021)
• Total mesorectal Excision. (2016)

Rectal Prolapse:

• Types of rectal prolapse? Discuss the clinical features, investigations and management. (2013)

Anorectal conditions:

• Recent advances in the management of fistula – in –ano. (2013, 2021)
• Intestinal stomas: Describe the practical use of some of them. (2001)

Part 8: Breast and Endocrine

Chapter 46: Breast

Breast Cancer - General & Management:

• Investigation and tumour markers in Breast Cancers. (2004)
• Recent advances in the management of carcinoma breast. (2015)
• Management of advanced breast cancer. (2008)
• Screening of carcinoma breast. (2015)
• Detection of early breast cancer. (2009)
• Prognostic factors in carcinoma breast. (2019)
• Assessment of margins in Breast cancer surgery. (2019)

Surgical Techniques & Reconstruction:

• Breast conserving surgery. (2006, 2016, 2021)
• Breast reconstruction. (2003, 2011, 2012)

Biopsy & Nodes:

• Sentinel node biopsy. (2008, 2013, 2015, 2016)
• Stereotactic FNAC in breast. (2005)

Benign Conditions & Gynaecomastia:

• Gynaecomastia. (2008)

Histopathology:

• Immunohistochemistry. (2015, 2022)
• BI-RADS Grading. (2016)

Chapter 47: Endocrine surgery

(Topics covered under specific glands like Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal etc.)

Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia (MEN):

• MEN 2A. (2023)

Part 9: Vascular

Chapter 48: Arterial disorders

Peripheral Arterial Disease:

• Clinical features, investigations and management of peripheral arterial occlusive disease. (2013, 2018, 2020)
• Recent advances in the investigations of peripheral arterial diseases. (2006, 2007)
• Critical limb ischemia: Clinical features, Investigations and management. (2018)

Vascular Interventions:

• Endoluminal vascular surgery. (2009, 2020)
• Recent advances in peripheral arterial diseases. (2006)

Other Arterial Conditions:

• Thoracic outlet syndrome. (2013)
• Raynaud’s phenomenon. (2011)

Chapter 50: Venous and lymphatic disorders

Varicose Veins:

• Recent trends in the management of varicose vein. (2013)
• Define Varicose Veins. Discuss in details about Clinical features, Investigation and Management of Varicose veins. (2023)
• Subfascial endoscopic surgery for varicose veins. (2005)
• Endovenous laser surgery/treatment. (2008, 2012, 2017, 2018)

Venous Ulcers:

• Venous ulcer - current perspectives. (2007, 2020)

Lymphedema:

• Etiology, classifications, clinical features and management of lymphoedema. (2016)

Part 10: Genitourinary

Chapter 52: Urology

Renal & Ureteric Stones:

• ESWL (Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy). (2001, 2006, 2011, 2014, 2018)

Kidney & Transplantation:

• Scope for organ transplantation & kidney transplant. (2001)
• Indications, techniques and management of problems in renal transplantation. (2009)
• Selection of Renal transplant donor. (2014)
• Recent advances in surgical management of End stage Renal disease. (2012)
• Polycystic Kidney. (2004, 2021)
• Horse shoe kidney. (2011)

Testicular Conditions:

• Testicular Tumors. (2006)
• Etiology, classification, Pathogenesis, Clinical features and management of testicular tumour. (2019)
• Torsion testes. (2002, 2004)

Prostate:

• Aetiopathogenesis of Benign prostatic hyperplasia & Current trends in management. (2003)
• Prostatism. (2006)

Bladder & Urethra:

• Posterior Urethral Valves. (2004)
• Congenital valve of posterior urethra. (2020)

Miscellaneous Urology:

• Surgical hypertension. (2014, 2019, 2020, 2021)
• Megaureter. (2008, 2010)
• Hypospadias. (2020, 2021)
• Hematuria. (2018)

Part 11: Transplantation

Chapter 57: Transplantation

General Principles:

• Organ transplantation. (2001, 2021)
• Graft rejection after transplantation. (2010, 2018)
• Immunotherapy. (2009, 2017)

Specific Organ Transplantation:

• Kidney transplant. (2001)
• Liver transplant. (1996, 2002)
• Small bowel transplant. (2011, 2020)
• Stem cell Transplantation. (2012, 2020)
• Tissue Engineering. (2010, 2013)

Part 12: Paediatric Surgery

Chapter 61: Paediatric surgery

Congenital Conditions:

• Exomphalos major. (2018)
• Congenital diaphragmatic hernia classification and treatment. (2013)
• Meningomyelocele. (2007, 2018)
• Volvulus neonatorum. (2008)

Surgical Problems:

• Intussusception in children. (2009, 2015, 2019)
• Single stage surgery for HIRSCHSPRUNG'S DISEASE. (1999)

Part 13: Orthopaedics

Note: Questions specifically on Orthopaedics are generally part of the M.S. Orthopaedics specialty exam and were not found in the General Surgery question papers.

Trauma-related questions that may involve fractures or musculoskeletal injuries have been categorized under Part 4: Trauma.

Part 14: General Topics

Pharmacology & Drugs:

• Sildenafil. (2001)
• Somatostatin. (2001)
• Alfa Fetoprotein (AFP). (2001)
• Tamoxifen. (2001)
• Steroids: a boon or bane in surgical practice. (2006, 2015)

Imaging & Technology:

• New imaging for breast disease. (2003)
• Virtual gastroscopy – indications, uses and complications. (2012)
• Cervicoscopy and its uses. (2012)
• Imprint cytology. (2011)

Therapies:

• Sclerotherapy. (2001, 2004)
• Hyperbaric oxygen. (2006, 2007, 2014)
• Photodynamic therapy in malignancy. (2012, 2013, 2020)
• Isolated limb perfusion therapy for melanoma. (2005, 2014, 2020, 2022)
• Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy. (2020)
• Gene therapy. (2003, 2010, 2014, 2018)

Syndromes & Scoring Systems:

• APACHE II scoring. (2011)
• Multi Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS). (2011)

Miscellaneous:

• Day care surgery. (2002, 2005, 2009)
• Genetic engineering. (2011)
• Monoclonal antibodies. (2002, 2003, 2005, 2008, 2014, 2015, 2017, 2019)
• Hazards of ionizing radiation. (2019)
• Surgery in COVID 19 patients. (2023)